速看（经济学人 | 电子烟的危害大过传统香烟？）依托咪酯的缺点，
(本文选自《经济学人》20190914期)
背景介绍：
曾经风靡全球的电子烟如今正在被多国政府全面禁止，电子烟对人体的危害难道比传统香烟更大吗？如果并非如此，那么各国政府又为何纷纷禁止电子烟？Don’t panic about e-cigarettes
不必对电子烟恐慌Banning them all wVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.htill cause far more harm than good
全面禁令将会弊大于利“It’s time to stop vaping,” says Lee Norman, a health official in Kansas. Six people are dead in America, aVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.htpparently from smoking e-cigarettes. More than 450 have contracted a serious lung disease. So Mr Norman’s advice sounds reasonable.
堪萨斯州的卫生官员诺曼·李说：“是时候VAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.ht禁止吸食电子烟了。”美国已有6人明显死于吸食电子烟。超过450人因吸食电子烟而患上了严重的肺病。因此，诺曼的建议似乎合情合理。The Centres for Disease Control and the American Medical Association agree: the countryVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.ht’s 11m vapers should quit. A new idea is circulating, that vaping is worse than smoking.On September 11th the Trump administration said it intends to VAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.htban non-tobaccoflavoured vaping fluid. Some politicians want a broader ban on all e-cigarettes.美国疾病预防控制中心和美国医学会一致认为：美国1100万电子烟民应该戒烟。如今大家普遍认为，电子烟的危害比传统香VAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.ht烟更大。9月11日，特朗普政府表示将计划禁止非烟草味的电子烟烟液。但一些政客则希望全面禁止电子烟。E-cigarettes are not good for you. The vapour that vapers inhale is laced with nicotine, which is addVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.htictive. Some of the other chemicals in it may be harmful. But vaping is far less dangerous than smoking tobacco—a uniquely deadly product.
电子烟对你的身体确实没有VAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.ht好处。电子烟民吸入的电子烟雾中也含有致瘾成分尼古丁和其他一些可能对人体有害的化学成分。但吸食电子烟远没有传统香烟（一种独特的致命性产品）的危害大。If people turn to e-cigarettes as a substitute for the conventional sort, theVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.ht health benefits are potentially huge. Smoking kills 450,000 Americans every year, and astaggering7m people worldwide. Anything that weans people off VAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.httobacco is likely to save lives.
如果人们将电子烟作为传统香烟的替代品，那么还可能会给健康带来巨大的益处。美国每年有45万人死于吸烟，全球每年则有700万人死于吸烟。任何能让人们远离烟草的东西都可以被视为在拯救生命。
The big worry about e-cigarVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.htettes is that they will create a new generation of nicotine addicts. Some people who have never previously smoked have taken up vaping, including a woVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.htrrying number of children. In America, for example, one quarter of high-school pupils vape.
人们对于电子烟最大的担忧在于，它们可能会导致新一代的尼古丁成瘾者。一些从未吸食过香烟的人也开始吸食电子烟了，其中不乏大VAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.ht量的儿童。以美国为例，全国有四分之一的高中生都在吸食电子烟。This is alarming, and helps explain why so many governments, such as those of Egypt, Mexico, Singapore, Taiwan and BraziVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.htl, have banned e-cigarettes. They should not. Prohibition usually causes more harm than good.
这不由让人感到担忧，它也帮助解释了为什么埃及、墨西哥、新加坡、台湾和巴西等许多政府都下令禁止了电子烟。但他们其实不VAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.ht该这么做的。全面禁止电子烟往往弊大于利。Forbidding e-cigarettes will lead vapers to buy illicit products—the type that are far more likely to poison them. It will also deVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.htter many law-abiding smokers from switching to something less deadly.
电子烟禁令将导致烟瘾者去购买更有可能毒害他们身体的非法产品。同时它也限制了许多守法烟民转向购买危害更小的产品的途径。For these reasons, reguVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.htlating vaping is wiser than trying to eliminate it. Governments should carefully control what goes into vape fluid, following the example of the EuropVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.htean Union, which restricts the amount of nicotine it may contain. America’s FDA, by contrast, seems constantly to change its mind about how to regulatVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.hte vaping.
基于这些理由，加强监管比试图消除电子烟更为明智。各国政府应该仔细地控制电子烟烟液中的成分，以欧盟为例，其限制了烟液中的尼古丁含量。相比之下，美国食品药品监督管理局对于如何监管电子烟似乎一直犹豫不决。Governments should also regulate how e-cigVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.htarettes are advertised. Marketing aimed at children is obviously unacceptable. So, perhaps, are fruity flavours that appeal especially to youngpalatesVAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.ht. Government health warnings should be clear and measured. Vaping may be a dangerous habit, but it is vastly less deadly than lighting up.
政府也应该对电子烟的广告VAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.ht加以规范。针对儿童的营销显然是不可接受的。所以，青少年也许正是被水果口味的电子烟所吸引的。政府应该发布清晰慎重的健康警告。吸食电子烟或许确实存在危害，但它远没有传统香烟那么致命。(红色标注词为重难点词汇)本文翻译：Vinnie
校核：Vinnie
编辑：Vinnie
小编说
毫无疑问，电子烟对人体是有害无利VAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.ht的。但从另一个角度来看，如果烟瘾者以吸食电子烟来代替吸食传统香烟，那么它还是有益的。然而，问题在于，许多电子烟吸食者（特别是青少年儿童）是因独特的水果口味或其他因素而去吸食电子烟的，他们过去并不吸食传统香烟。因此，政府应该做的是加强监管，对烟液中的成分加以控制，并对针对青少年儿童的广告加以限制。重难VAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.ht点词汇：flavour [ˈfleɪvər] n. 香味；滋味 vt. 给……调味；给……增添风趣staggering [ˈstæɡərɪŋ] adj. 惊人的，令人震惊的palate [ˈpælət] n. 味觉；上颚；趣味推荐阅读：经济学人 | 长得帅才能挣得多？经济学人 | 科学家发现首颗有水存在的VAKA購買https://www.twlana.com/NRX/2515.ht系外宜居行星经济学人 | 飞的时代真的要来了！经济学人 | 第一位站出来的欧洲“慰安妇”没能等到日本的道歉经济学人 | 为什么越是发生大规模枪击事件，美国越会放松枪支管制？每天一篇双语经济学人没有看够！
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